Lipemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. If blood lipids are elevated for a long time, it will accelerate atherosclerosis and increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. So, what can patients with hyperlipidemia not eat? Can blood lipids return to normal without taking medicine? Next, medical science will analyze it for you.
The occurrence of hyperlipidemia is closely related to heredity, diet, and exercise. In terms of diet, high-cholesterol diet, high-fat diet (rich in saturated fatty acids), etc. can increase the risk of hyperlipidemia. Therefore, when patients with hyperlipidemia undergo lifestyle intervention therapy, the intake of cholesterol and saturated fatty acids should first be restricted. Cholesterol is widely found in various foods, and the human body can also synthesize cholesterol. After cholesterol is significantly increased, it is transported by low-density lipoprotein under the arterial intima, which can easily cause atherosclerosis and the formation of arterial plaque, which is acute The main cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Common cholesterol-rich foods mainly include animal brain tissue, poultry egg yolks, animal offal, ordinary meat, etc. Patients with hyperlipidemia should eat these foods as little as possible, and the daily cholesterol intake should be less than 300 mg, which is conducive to Blood lipids. Saturated fatty acids are mainly found in animal fats and fats, such as lard, tallow, butter, fatty meat, etc. Some vegetable fats such as coconut oil and cocoa butter are also high in content. Patients with hyperlipidemia should eat as little as possible. Daily cannot exceed 7% of total energy. In addition, alcohol is a high-calorie food that easily raises triglycerides. Patients with hyperlipidemia should abstain from alcohol or limit alcohol.
Whether to give medication is the focus of most hyperlipidemia. Either elevated cholesterol or elevated triglycerides will increase atherosclerosis and increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, whether drugs need to be given to lower lipids should be determined in conjunction with the degree of risk. If there have been diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, if the arterial disease is severe, regardless of whether the blood lipids are in the normal range, you should continue to take lipid-lowering drugs for a long time. Patients with elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol should be given statins Lipid-lowering drugs; if acute cardiovascular events have not occurred, but blood lipids are significantly increased, total cholesterol ≥7.2mmol/L, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥4.9mmol/L, or patients over 40 years old with diabetes, the next ten years The risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is higher, and statins should also be given lipid-lowering treatment; if the remaining hyperlipidemia patients have hypertension, multiple risk factors and the risk of future cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is greater than 10%, they should also Give statin lipid-lowering treatment.
It should be noted that the focus of hyperlipidemia intervention is total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. If triglycerides ≥5.6 mmol/L, it will increase the risk of pancreatitis, and lipid-lowering drugs such as fibrates should be given a reasonable reduction. fat. As for how much blood lipid levels should be reduced, it should also be determined based on the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. For patients with hyperlipidemia who have experienced myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and other diseases, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol should be controlled at 1.8mmol /L or less; total cholesterol ≥7.2mmol/L, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥4.9mmol/L, or patients over 40 years old with diabetes, or patients with a risk of cardiovascular disease greater than 10% in the future, low-density lipoprotein Protein cholesterol should be controlled below 2.6mmol/L; the remaining patients should be controlled below 3.4mmol/L.
In summary, patients with hyperlipidemia should eat less foods with high cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, and limit alcohol at the same time. Patients who have had atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or are at a better risk need to be given drugs to lower lipids in order to reduce cardiovascular damage.
Comments
Post a Comment